Rotary pump and motor hydraulic transmission



Feb. 13, 1951 H. B. BREEDLOVE ROTARY PUMP AND MOTOR HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 5, 1943 INVENTOR i fi/rfmzm/i rllnlllnldm w n H .w imwrn Feb. 13, 1951 H. B. BREEDLOVE 2,541,197

ROTARY PUMP AND MOTOR HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed Sept. 3, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 13, 1951 H. B. BREEDLOVE 2,541,197

ROTARY PUMP AND MOTOR HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Sept. 5, 1943 1951 H. s. BREEDLOVE, 2,541,197

ROTARY PUMP AND MOTOR HYDRAULIC TRANSMISSION Filed Sept. 5, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ll7 F 9 w- I I15 //9 H7 inc. 8. I

4& INVEN TOR.

54m x 5' fiwmww r 35 /ZZ4 25 r4 i at enteti Feb. 13, 195i varieb lecal'pacity afid e motor of coriii t p c im d" v r i itfi tpt ii f ii mpj directly or ir ve'r's ely toward the capa ityo'f the pdw ffrom a: rotatiried tive shaft; tri irim'the The means by which the foregoing and 0th b e t re eeqomp hh t and ti magmas? tlieir aq mel shmentw i m .lxib uwssi fi p ti ac p ny sh w s. 2 whi h t F 1 lo i sii z from the following sfiepifi qg tioij on referehc to pump casing, the latter casing being shown conntr c w th the s-m. F 2 s -i a m tw ,s sfi e elflvqh eti nu takenl on th line II-II-of Fig. 1 transverse to Fi 3. is aii hen ary .se qna tqe ai take. onthe line IIIL-III of Fig: 1, houging interlock! in r b tq h p mp an motor 15 1 8: t N

Fig; -4. is a tran y e seq b pfit qmimn. t liqe Or itheiine-IY-JV of Fig-r1,-With casing-in 0011+ centric position:

the-pump: withuthec s i QI QEQ QF U n. tionran F g. 4B wsimi ar mdmedsqal. showingithe pump easing oppo s itely ecqentr Fig.- 5 is; ajmnsverse segtion of the motor taken onthe line V1.41 of Fig; 1;

relzitive'positioning'ofthe-grid bar in neutral position an'bfuh forward shift;

Fig. 8' is setionai'eIevation taken 9430311 1 linej I"I of" Figsflz and 6-; showing? inoiteasej of; diameter; A and cofreSponding= decrease'in length complish direet drive. Figi 9 afim-gmefita'ty viw'taikerromthe 'linie IXA-IX of Fig". 81 showing a brake" operating detail.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary sectional elevation taken on the line XX of Fig. 8, showing a brake support.

Fig. 11 is a partial sectional view taken on line XI-XI of Fig. 8.

It will be understood that the foregoing views show a structure made up largely of rotating parts and that the terms elevation and plan used therein are relative only, and are of these parts in selected position of rotation, this position, however, being maintained throughout all the views.

It will be further understood that it has been elected to show only radially shiftable blades. though it will be understood that other forms of blades well known in the rotary pumping art, as of the bucket type shown in Fig. 16 of my said application Serial No. 458,794, now Patent No. 2,434,546.

B,eferring now to the drawings in which the various parts are indicated by numerals:

I is a pump or driving shaft to which power is imparted in any usual or desired manner, and I! a motor or driven shaft to which driving torque is to be transmitted from the shaft IS, the two shafts being in axial alinement and preferably extending into substantially abutting rela tion.

Mounted on the shaft I5 is a pump or driving head [9 which is secured thereto as by a key 2|, Fig. 4, and on the shaft H, a motor or driven head 23, secured thereto as by a key 25, Fig. 5. These heads carry the usual outwardly and inwardly shiftable blades 20 and 24 respectively, which may be urged into wall contact by compression springs 20A, 24A in usual and well known manner, and as are the motor blades of my said patent.

Around these heads is disposed a housing comprising an end wall 21 which rotatably abuts one end of the head l9, and has a hub portion 29 journalled on the shaft l5, and end wall 3| which slidably abuts the opposite end of the head 23 and has a hub portion 33 journalled on the shaft l1, and a cylindrical barrel, which comprises a pump reaction member 35 and a motor reaction member 33, preferably integral, but in any event rigidly secured together, and which may be of differing diameters.

thereto as by bolts or screws 31. 39 is an intermediate wall which may be integral with the barrel, and in any event is rigidly secured thereto. v This intermediate wall extends inward to and is 'journalled around either the shaft |5 or the shaft l1, and divides the housing into pump and motor sections.

Within the pump section and around the head I9, is an annular cylindrical casing 4| which at one end slidably abuts the housing end wall 21 and at the opposite end has a preferably integral disc-like end wall 42 which is interposed between the end of the head l9, which it shiftably and rotatably abuts, and the intermediate wall 33' sufficiently greater diameter than the diameter of the head l9 to permit establishment of the The barrel'is disposed between the end walls and is secured and sealed 4 a maximum desired casing eccentricity with relation to the head.

Also within the pump section and around the casing 4| is an annular counter-weight 43, which is spaced from the exterior of the casing twice the spacing of the casing from the drum, this counter-weight being slidably disposed between the end wall 2? and intermediate wall 39 and notched for sliding engagement with the ribs 39R. The wall forming this counter-weight is preferably apertured, as at 43F, Fig. 1, to permit flow of liquid therethrough, and the wall 39 also apertured as at 39F, Figs. 4 and 5, to permit interfiow between the pump and motor housings, these latter a pertures being outside any shifted position of the casing 4|. 7

On diametrically opposite sides and at ninety degrees from the rib 42R, the casing 4| is provided with flattened bosses 44 whose outer faces longitudinally are parallel to the axis and bore of the casing and transversely are parallel to the ribs, these bosses having along their lengths outwardly extending lug portions 45 which are identically inclined to the casing axis, in'both direction and amount. 3

Similarly the inner surface of the counterweight 43 on diametrically opposite sides is thick} ened and flattened to form internal bosses 46 from which lugs 4'! extend inwardly, preferably into abutting relation with the lugs 45, but are inclined to the counter-weight and casing axes parallel to the ribs 39R. which guideand establish the line of shift of the pump casing 4|. Casing 38 is integral with or rigidly secured at one end to the intermediate wall 39 which separates the motor and pump sections and at its opposite" ends abuts the end wall 3| to which, though not so shown, it may also be rigidly secured. Eccentricity of this casing is counter-balanced, preferably by locally thickening the housing wall 33, as at 35W, opposite to greatest eccentricity of the casing. r

Disposed between the bosses 44 of the casing 4| and the bosses 4B of the counter-weight 43 l are slides 49 which are mounted for longitudinal shift, preferably between guides 5| which are carried by the end wall 21 and intermediate wall 39, and which may be integral with either thereof. The slides are grooved from their inner and outer faces to provide half depth lug-ways 54, 55, inclined with'respect to the length of the 1 slides to receive the casing and counter-weight lugs 45, 41 respectively;

Heads l9 and 23 may be of identical diameters and lengths, and the casings 4| and lt similarly.

identical; in such case the slides 49 may extend through the motor housing. a

Where the extension exterior diameter of the 7 motor casing is the same or less than the pump casing and the housing permits, as in Figs. 1 to 7, the slides 49 may extend through the motor housing and beyond the end. wall 3! of that housing. Exteriorly of the Wall 3| the two slides 49 are rigidly coupled together and to a hub 51, by a transverse member 59. Hub 51 is shiftably mounted on hub 33 of end wall 3|, and is provided with a circumferential groove 6|,in which.

' In Fig. 4A, discharge flow from the pump section caused by rotation of the driving head is, clockwise as indicated by the arrow within member l9 in Fig. 4, is through the ports I21, I23 into the motor section, and return flow is through the ports 24, [22. Turning movement of the head l9 causes discharge flow which exerts torque on the pump casing 4! in the direction of rotation of the head and through ribs 39A of the intermediate wall 39 transfers this torque to the motor casing 48 carried by the wall 39, and to the motor head 23.

In Fig. 4B, discharge flow is through the ports 122, I24 into the motor section and return flow through the ports I23, I 2 I, reverse'turning torque and movement on the motor head and shaft being set up.

As shift of casing M from the neutral position of Fig. 4, toward the eccentric position of Fig. 4A, begins, infinitesimal quantity of fluid is transferred to' the motor casing exerting heavy torque pressure to slowly turn the motor head and exerting a correspondingly heavy torque reactio against the motor casing d8. Reverse turning movement of the casings is prevented by the overrunning clutch 19 and persists until at equal speeds the forward torque pressure on the pump casing equals the reverse torque on the motor casing and the casings, housing, and heads turn as a unit.

Flow from the pump section increases as the eccentricity of the pump casing M is increased and in the modified or grid form of the ports, shown in Figs. 7A and 7B, the port areas are reduced toward cut-off. This causes greater velocity of how through the ports and builds up back pressure against fiow from the pump section which tends to increase the torque on the pump casing, the torque on the pump casing building up and exceeding the reverse torque on the motor casing so that the pump casing is carried forward, reducing flow through the ports, until as the grids between the ports 123B reach full cut-off,.as shown in Fig. 7B, the speed of the pump casing reaches the speed of the pump head and a directly coupled unit is accomplished.

When shift of the casing 4| is begun from the neutral position of Fig. 4 toward the position shown in Fig. 43, to accomplish reverse drive, the same infinitesimal quantity of fluid is transferred to the motor casing, exerting heavy torque pressure to, as before, turn the motor head and exerting .a correspondingly heavy torque reaction against the motor casing 48, but in forward direction, this torque reaction not being resisted by the overrunning clutch. In such case, braking pressure is applied to the housing through the brake band 89 to hold the housing and casing against movement and this holding must be continued throughout. In such case, if reverse speed is to be built up to full pump speed, the grid type of port cannot be used as the pump head is mov' ing in opposite direction to the motor head and cuteofi of flow must result in locking the units together. However, reverse movement, particularly in motor vehicle drives, is ordinarily never attempted at full motor speed, and it is possible to use the grid type up to some twothirds, or in extreme cases, possibly a little more of the driving shaft speed in reverse.

In the modified form of the device, shown in Figs. 8 through 11, the overrunning clutch has been omitted. In this form of the device, the braking pressure is maintained to lock the hous- 8 ing 35A. 36A against turning movement at all times except as the speeds of the driving and driven shafts approach equality at forward driving speed, at which time release of braking pressure is accomplished, as shown by the positioning of the parts in Figs. 8 and 9. In this form of the device the grid type of port may also be used, provided that release of braking action is accomplished before port cut-01f occurs, but here again full reverse speed cannot be accomplished.

It will be understood that much of the detail herein shown is illustrative only of means by which the actions of the device may be accomplished, these details including the type of blade and head used, the means by which shift is ac complished, the method of counter-weighting, and other items, and it will be understood that only such claims as set out detail are to be limited thereby.

I claim:

1. A variable speed reversible hydraulic drive which includes a pump and an axially alined motor; each comprising a rotatable casing and a rotatable head, each said casing including a cylindrically bored wall member and an end wall, said heads being disposed within said casings and each having inwardly and outwardly shiftable blades in contact with the cylindrical surface of its said wall member; means mounting said motor bored wall member in fixed eccentric relation to its said head, means mounting said pump casing with its said end wall in abutting relation to said motor casing end wall, means respectively forming parts of said end walls, diametrally disposed relatively to said heads along the plane of maximum-minimum eccentricity of said motor bored wall member, inter" locking said pump end wall in shiftable driving relation to said motor end wall, said pump and motor end walls laterally with respect to said plane being apertured to establish relatively shiftable registering intake and outlet ports directly intercommunicating said pump and motor, means for shifting said pump casing diametrally with respect to its said head and to said motor wall member, and means for restraining reactionary movement of said casings.

2. A variable speed reversible hydraulic drive which includes a pump and an axially alined motor; each comprising a rotatable" casing and a rotatable head, each said casingincluding a cylindrically bored wall member and an end wall; said heads being disposed within said casings and each having inwardly and outwardly shiftable parts in contact with the cylindrical surface of its said wall member; means mounting said motor wall member in fixed eccentric relation to'its said head, means mounting said pump casing with its said end wall in abutting relation'to said motor casing end wall, means respectively forming parts of said end walls,

walls being apertured to; establish relatively shiftable registering intake and outlet ports intercommunicating said pump and motor, means for shifting said pump casing diametrally with respect to its said head and to said motor wall members, andmeans for restraining reactionary movement of said casings. 3. A variable speed hydraulic drive, which includes pump and motor casings, pump and motor heads; and annular countr=loalance means, said casings each including a cylihd'ric'ally bo'red wall "said counter-balance means; means mounting said riidtr end wallreenter eccentric relation to its saidhead, said peels end wall and said counter 'balance means abutting said motor end wall member and being interlocked therewith, diametrally shiftable relation to said pump head and to said motorwall member along the diametral line of greatest and least eccentricity of said motor wall member, means establishing flow ports between said pump and motor casings, and means for shifting said pump wall member diametrically with respect to said pump head, and said counter-balance means in opposite direction.

4. A variable speed hydraulic drive, including axially alined pump and motor heads, having inwardly and outwardly movable blades, a housing journal ed around said heads and including a disc wall separating said housing into pump and motor sections, said motor section including a motor casing cylindrically bored for engagement by said motor head blades and fixedly carried by said housing in eccentric relation to said motor head, said pump section including a pump casing cylindrically bored for engagement by said pump head blades, and an annular counter-ba ance around said pump casing, said pump casing and said counter-balance means being radially shiftable, means shiftably coupling said pump casing and said counter-balance, in respective driving and driven relation to said housing and establishing a diametral path of movement of said casing and said counter-balance with respect to said motor casing, said disc wall having openings therethrough establishing inlet and outlet communication between said pump and motor sections,

means for shifting said pump casing from con- 1 centricity with said pump head toward coaxiality with said motor casing or reversely toward non-coaxiality therewith, and for concurrently oppositely shifting said counter-balance, and manually operable means for restraining turning movement of said housing.

5. A hydraulic drive which includes a rotary driving pump and an axially alined rotary motor in end-abutting relation and directly connected through relatively shiftable outflow and inflow ports, said pump including a rotary reaction member and a driving member and said motor including a rotary reaction member and a driven member, said motor being actuated by said pump, said reaction members including abutting end portions, said ports being in said abutting end portions, said reaction members being coupled together for concurrent rotation, said pump reaction member being shiftable transversely to the axis of rotation of its said driving member and toward cut-off of said ports, and means for releasably holding said reaction members against reactionary rotation.

6. A reversible hydraulic drive comprising a driving shaft and an axially alined driven shaft, having respectively secured thereon a driving head and a driven head, each having inwardly and outwardly shiftable blades, a rotary cylindrical housing having end walls journalled respectively on said shafts and forming outer and "dividing said housing into said pump and flitit'dr sections and forming the inner end wall of said motorsect-ion, anannularly bored wall member surrounding said driven head and cc'ritrically disposed with respect thereto secured between said motor sectionouter end wall and said intermediate wall and cooperating with said walls to establish a fixedly eccentric motor casing; a shiftable annularly bored wall: member and a rigidly secured disc-like endwall disposed in said pump section with said wall member arouiid said pump head and said disc-like e'iid Wall in slidable engagementw-ith said intermediate wall, and with said pump section outer end wall to establish a shiftable pump casing; diametrically disposed interengaging means respectively forming part of said disc-like wall and said intermediate wall cooperating to prevent relative rotation of said walls, said diametrically disposed interengaging means extending in the diametral direction of greatest and least eccentricity of said motor casing, both said disc wall and said intermediate wall, laterally outward in opposite directions from said interengaging means being cooperatively apertured to establish intercommunication between said pump and motor casings, shiftable counterbalance means within the pump section of said housing and around said bored wall member of said pump, slidably engaging said diametrically disposed interengaging means of said intermediate wall, and means for shifting said pump wall member and disc-like end wall at option from concentricity with said pump head to eccentricit therewith in either direction, and for concurrently oppositely shifting said counterbalance means; and means for restraining reactionary rotation of said housing.

7. A reversible hydraulic drive comprising a driving shaft and an axially alined driven shaft, having respectively secured thereon a driving head and a driven head, each having inwardly and outwardly shiftable blades, a rotary cylindrical housing having end walls journalled respectively on said shafts and an intermediate wall interposed between said heads dividing said housing into pump and motor sections said housing and walls forming outer end walls of said pump and motor sections and said intermediate wall the inner end wall of said motor section, an annularly bored wall member surrounding said driven head and eccentrically disposed with respect thereto secured between said motor section outer end wall and said intermediate wall and cooperating with said walls to establish a fixedly eccentric motor casing; a

shiftable annularly bored wall member and a rigidly secured disc-like end wall disposed in said pump section with said wall member around said driving head and said. end wall in sliding engagement with said intermediate wall, and with said pump section outer end wall establishing a shiftable pump casing; diametrically disposed means respectively forming part of said disc-like wall and said intermediate wall cooperating to prevent relative rotation of said walls, said intermediate wall means extending in the diametral direction of greatest and least eccentricity of said motor casing, said disc wall and said intermediate wall, laterally outward from said diametral direction being cooperatively aperturedto. establish intercommunication be tween said pump. and motor casings, means' ior ,shifting said pump bored wall member and end wall from concentricity with said pump head to eccentricity therewith, and away from coaxiality with said motor head; and overrunning clutch ,means restraining reactionary rotation 'of said .5 ..housing.

HARRY B. BREEDLOVE,

. REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 9 file of I this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 7 Number Name 2 Date 466,660 Duncan Jan. 5, 1892,

Number Number 

